ABSTRACT
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a veterinary pathogen that infects domestic animals as well as wild animals such as wild boar and feral swine, was recently reported to infect human and led to endophthalmitis and encephalitis. A retrospective seroepidemiologic survey was conducted using 1,335 serum samples collected from patients with encephalitis and ELISA positive rates were 12.16%, 14.25%, and 6.52% in 2012, 2013, and 2017, respectively. The virus neutralizing antibody titers of positive samples correlated well with ELISA results. The pseudorabies virus antibody positive rate of patients with encephalitis were higher than that of healthy people in 2017. The above results suggest that some undefined human encephalitis cases may be caused by PRV infection.
Subject(s)
Adult , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antibodies, Viral , Blood , China , Encephalitis , Allergy and Immunology , Virology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Herpesvirus 1, Suid , Allergy and Immunology , Prevalence , Pseudorabies , Blood , Allergy and Immunology , Virology , Retrospective Studies , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
Concern about the biological hazards involved in microbiological research, especially research involving laboratory animals, has increased in recent years. Working in an animal biosafety level 2 facility (ABSL-2), commonly used for research on infectious diseases, poses various biological hazards. Here, the regulations and standards related to laboratory biosafety in China are introduced, the potential biological hazards present in ABSL-2 facilities are analyzed, and a series of strategies to control the hazards are presented.
Subject(s)
Animals , Animal Diseases , Epidemiology , Biomedical Research , China , Epidemiology , Containment of Biohazards , Methods , Reference Standards , Government Regulation , Laboratories , Reference Standards , Safety Management , Reference StandardsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>By analyzing the status and characteristics of vaccinia virus laboratory-acquired infections in the bibliographical information, this paper provides relevant recommendations and measures for prevention and control of vaccinia virus laboratory-acquired infections in China.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Choosing PubMed, Embase, Biosis and SCIE, SSCI, CPCI-S as well as CPCI-SSH covered by Web of Science as the data source, indexing the bibliography of vaccinia virus laboratory-acquired infections, this paper analyzes the information on whether to vaccinate, the occurrence time of symptoms, diseasedparts, symptom characteristics and the disease-causing reasons.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The outcome shows that 52. 9% of the cases never get vaccinated, 82.4% engaged in vaccinia virus related researches never get vaccinated in 10 years, 52. 9% get infected by the accidental needlestick in hands during the process of handling animal experiments, 70. 6% of infections occur in the hands and having symptoms after being exposed with an average of 5. 1 days.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Although it is still controversial that whether or not to be vaccinated before carrying out vaccinia virus related works, it should be important aspects of prevention and control of vaccinia virus laboratory-acquired infections with the strict compliance with the operating requirements of the biosafety, by strengthening personal protection and timely taking emergency measures when unforeseen circumstances occur, as well as providing the research background information to doctors.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , China , Laboratory Infection , Virology , Needlestick Injuries , Virology , Occupational Exposure , Vaccinia , Virology , Vaccinia virusABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze and study types, infections routes and causes of global pathogenic microorganisms laboratory-acquired infections cases reported in the literatures from 2000 to 2009 and to discuss prevention and control strategies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) Pathological observation of hepatic specimens: hepatic tissue pathogenic microorganisms laboratory-acquired infections. Methods PubMed, Embase, Biosis and Webs of Science covering SCIE, SSCI, CPCI-S and CPCI-SSH are chosen as data sources, "laboratory-acquired (associated) infections" are searched as the key words to search laboratory-acquired infections literature published from 2000 to 2009, from which information and data are accessed to be collected, analyzed and researched.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There are 19 species of pathogenic microorganisms causing laboratory-acquired infections in the last 10 years, including 15 species of bacteria, accounting for 78.9%; 4 species of virus, accounting for 21.1%. There are 83 cases reported, of which there are 60 bacterial cases, accounting for 72.3%; and 23 virus cases, accounting for 27.7%. Ingestion and inhalation are main routes of infections, respectively accounting for 32.5% and 31.3%, which are mainly due to accidents, accounting for 47.0%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In recent years, pathogenic microbiology laboratory-acquired infections continue to occur, and it is mainly due to accidental infections, which expose laboratory workers' low sense of safety and deficient operation methods. Laboratory staff should strengthen their senses of safety and comply with safe operation procedures, which are still the key to prevent laboratory-acquired infections.</p>